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Can anything be done to prevent prostate cancer in the first place? An Australian study from 2003 supported the idea that frequent masturbation — especially for men in their 20s — might be helpful in preventing prostate cancer later in life, presumably by avoiding a build-up of potential carcinogens in the seminal duct: the “prostatic stagnation” hypothesis. The jury’s still out, but as the old lady said who was told that her chicken soup wouldn’t help a friend who had just died, “Won’t do any harm!”

Barry Evans (barryevans9@yahoo.com) is looking forward to a prostate-cancer-free old age, based on his habits of 40 years ago.

CAPTION: Pity the surgeon whose goal is to remove a cancerous prostate while not inflicting impotence or incontinence on the patient.

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Fertility treatments can be done safely and effectively in couples where the man is infected with the AIDS virus and the women isn't, according to a new review of past studies.
Over the last 2 decades, researchers have improved methods of "washing" the semen of men infected with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Unwashed semen could pass HIV to the woman or their baby.

"I think the procedure is getting safer and safer," said Dr. Deborah Anderson, a scientist at the Boston University School of Medicine who studies HIV. She was not involved in the current research, but she told Reuters Health that washing the man's semen lowers the risk of transmission enough that "it's an acceptable ... procedure for couples that really want to have children."

In the new review, published in the journal Fertility and Sterility, researchers from the Evandro Chagas Clinical Research Institute in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil looked at 17 earlier studies involving a total of about 1,800 couples in which only the male partner had HIV.

In each of the studies, researchers performed one of two common types of fertility treatments after washing the semen. Then they recorded how often women became pregnant after the procedures. They also monitored the women and any babies they had as a result of the procedures, to see whether HIV had been passed on from the semen.
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How lose weight fast

From a big size of 16 to an envious size of 6, Jennifer Hudson says that she will no longer lose weight. The 29 year old star is happy and content with her current figure but not quite used to it yet.

According to the former American Idol contender, whenever she goes shopping and she is handed clothes of size 4 and 6, she looks over her shoulder, thinking that it is for someone else. Hudson is the cover girl of InStyle Magazine’s Makeover of the Year September issue. With her slim figure, who would think that she just gave birth last August?

What is Jennifer’s secret you ask? Well, the new mom uses Weight Watchers products and religiously goes to the gym 5 days a week. Weight Watchers is an international company that offers different products helpful in dieting. The company is focused on assisting in shaking off excess weight and maintaining one’s desired figure.

Jennifer Hudson is now the spokesperson of the corporation that helped her trim down. In fact, the singer, herself, launched the “Lose for Good” campaign in New York City. The campaign is about educating families on preparing healthy low-cost meals. This initiative is an effort to help alleviate hunger and obesity.

Although Jennifer has reached her aspired figure, the Dream Girls actress states that whatever size she is in, she is happy about herself. True enough, small size or big size, what is important is how pleased one is with what she has. After all, no size chart can determine how beautiful one really is.

If you have allergies or special needs when it comes to food, finding a meal can be hard.

But one expo is making that easier one course at a time.

Those who attended the Gluten Free and Food Allergy Expo in Minocqua Saturday sampled different foods free of soy, gluten, flour, wheat, dairy products and peanuts.

Event Organizer Julianne Karow says finding foods with or without specific ingredients can be a challenge.

That's why she says this event is helping expose people to the options they have.

Karow says, "Having food allergies is such a huge challenge, especially when you're grocery shopping, you may have to go to several different stores, or even to the restaurants. So being able to come here and sample the different products before you purchase them is a wonderful experience for many."

Karow says there were about 60 vendors from across the country and Canada.

According to a new study by the National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy, many young American men exhibit attitudes toward contraception that could best be described as “magical.” The study [PDF] surveyed American singles ages 18–29 about their perceptions about and use of contraception. Twenty-eight percent of young men think that wearing two condoms at a time is more effective than just one. Twenty-five percent think that women can prevent pregnancy by douching after sex. Eighteen percent believe that they can reduce the chance of pregnancy by doing it standing up.

For the most part, men lagged behind women on the pregnancy prevention front. And when the study dipped into the realm of “female” forms of birth control, the gender divide intensified. In the study, 29 percent of men and 32 percent of women reported that they know “little or nothing about condoms.” When asked to rate their knowledge of birth control pills, 78 percent of men reported to be clueless, compared to 45 percent of women.




In addition to staging teach-ins, women are also responsible for shouldering the physical, emotional, and financial responsibilities for pregnancy prevention. Pap smears, STI tests, and gynecological sessions about their contraceptive options—that’s just the tip of it for the sexually active woman. In order to keep their birth control subscription fresh, they have to repeat that process every year. Their male sex partners are under no such requirements. As Salon noted last year, women have 11 methods of contraception from which to choose; men have two—condom and vasectomy. And even if men did have additional reliable birth control options, many women wouldn’t trust them to use them correctly. In a comment on the Salon article, one woman wrote, “I love my husband more than anything in the world but I would not place that responsibility on him because if the BC failed and he was responsible for it I would kill him then he would be dead and I would be having a child while in prison.” Perhaps it is no mystery why some men confine their responsibility to forms of birth control which relate directly to their own genitalia.

Gustav Seestedt, 23, says that birth control pills are the form of contraception he has “the most indirect experience with.” He has no idea how they work. “I thought it, uh, controlled, uh… I actually don’t know, now that I think about it,” he says. “Oh, man, I thought it had something to do with hormonal control, but that doesn’t seem right at all. That sounds pretty awful. I thought it, uh, somehow killed fertility with like chemicals and stuff,” he says. The ring, however, strikes Seestedt as a superior option. “I thought that was pretty fine, because, from what I understood, it was kind of a low-cost way of doing it, and it wasn’t really…I like it because chemical pills and stuff are kind of weird, [but the ring] was kind of placed inside, and…you know what I mean? It just kind of did its thing, you know?”

To some, the male indifference to birth control can be attributed to a juvenile disregard for all things related to the place in which the vaginal ring “does its thing.” We live in a country where heterosexual heartthrob Robert Pattinson feels comfortable announcing to Details magazine, “I really hate vaginas. I’m allergic to vagina.” Where tech nerds everywhere let out a collective titter over new Apple device the “iPad,” because it sounds kind of like a thing women use when they’re on their periods. Where Judd Apatow has built a film career out of turning extended vagina jokes into blockbusters.

A non-pathogenic bacterium is capable to trigger an autoimmune disease similar to the multiple sclerosis in the mouse, the model animal which helps to explain how human diseases work. This is what a group of researchers from the Catholic University of Rome, led by Francesco Ria (Institute of General Pathology) and Giovanni Delogu (Institute of Microbiology), have explained for the first time in a recently published article on the Journal of Immunology. Multiple sclerosis is a disease due to an inflammatory reaction provoked by the immune system. It causes the disruption of the coating of the nerve fibres in the Central Nervous System.

"We do not know what causes multiple sclerosis", explains Francesco Ria, immunologist of the Catholic University. "We know that there exist a genetic factor and an environmental factor, but we do not yet posses a satisfactory theory which can explain how exactly this environmental factor works".

Currently, there are two competing theories on the field: according to a first hypothesis, a virus hides within the brain and what causes the disease is the immunologic antiviral reaction. On the other hand, the second hypothesis states that a viral or bacterial pathogen similar to specific molecules of the Central Nervous System causes an inflammation which provokes a reaction of the immune system. This reaction ends up destroying the brain cells. The latter is called the autoimmune hypothesis.

This is the hypothesis that the researchers coming from the Institutes of General Pathology, Microbiology and Anatomy of the Catholic University of Rome have been testing with their two-year long work. To demonstrate the viability of this idea, scientists have fooled the mouse immune system, modifying subtly a bacterium of the common family of mycobacteria (the same family to which also the bacterium causing tuberculosis belongs) to make it look like to myelin, the protein coating nerve cells. This modified mycobacterium is completely innocuous. As all external agents, though, it is capable to trigger the reaction of the T-cells of the immune systems. They intervene to destroy it. Since they are innocuous bacteria, although very common in the environment, and since they induce an immune reaction, they are the ideal bacteria scientists can use to study the environmental factor contributing, together with the genetic factor, to cause multiple sclerosis.

"Normally, T-cells cannot penetrate into the Central Nervous System", adds Rea, "because the hematoencephalic barrier prevents them from doing so. But the bacterium modifies the characteristics of the T-cells and allows them to overcome the barrier. In 15 days the bacterium disappears completely from the body".

Yet these T-cells can now enter into the brain. This way, they begin to attack the myelin of the nerve cells, and here is how the immune disease breaks out.

"We basically demonstrate – explains Rea – that in an animal model it is possible to be infected with something not carrying any disease, and later on develop a purely autoimmune disease".

Yet there is another element in this complex research, sponsored by the Italian Association of Multiple Sclerosis (AISM). "Normally – clarifies Rea – to understand which diseases we have encountered, we measure the antibodies produced by that specific pathogen. But there is a whole world of infectious agents which do not induce the production of antibodies, as is the case in our research: mycobacteria and many other bacteria produce a very low and variable number of antibodies. It is thus very hard to establish whether a population has encountered that specific infectious agent. So, we demonstrate that those infectious agents which are more likely to produce an autoimmune reaction are just those which do not induce antibody production".

Obviously, this is only the first step to better understand the way this very complex and devastating disease works. Ria and Delogu are not stopping here: "We want to try to understand the exact characteristics which this infectious agent should have", they explain. "Might it truly be a good experimental model for multiple sclerosis? If we had prolonged the action of the bacteria, would we have favoured or hampered the development of the disease? And what about the myelin-like bacterium protein: where should it lie? On the surface, or inside? These are all questions – conclude the two researchers – which we will be trying to answer in the next years, in the hope to defeat this terrible illness. We could even imagine to develop a vaccine by which we could prevent the immune response associated to multiple sclerosis".

A new study conducted by the Women's Health Initiative, and revealed at the American Stroke Association conference in San Antonio on Wednesday February 24th 2010, indicates that women raise their risk of a stroke by consuming a diet high in fats. The study focused on post menopausal women.

The Women's Health Initiative

The Women's Health Initiative was established by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in 1991 and looks at the quality of life and causes of disability and death in post menopausal women (predominately women over the age of 50).

What the Women's Health Initiative Study indicates

The Women's Health Initiative study was carried out on women between the ages of 50 and 79 and conducted out over a number of years; by recording what women ate and how much fat was part of their diet, researchers then assessed which women had suffered a stroke through clogged blood vessels to the brain (one of the most common causes of a stroke). Other factors such as exercise, weight, smoking, medication and ethnicity were taken into account too; the results of the study indicated that women who ate a diet high in fats had a 44 percent greater risk of a stroke than women who ate less fats.

Foods high in fat

There are several types of fats; fats which are considered 'high risk' include trans-fat foods such as:
 

    * some types of margarine
    * fried food
    * cookies
    * crackers
    * many 'fast food' chain foods including Burger King, Jack in the Box, McDonalds, Dairy Queen and KFC (although some of these companies are now trying to introduce 'healthier' menu choices)
    * French fries
    * dough nuts
    * pastries.


'Healthier' fats such as vegetable oils, fish, seeds and nuts are recommended in place of high risk fats and the American Heart Association recommends that trans fats should make up less than one percent of total calories intake.

A moment on the lips, forever on the hips? A bad figure is hardly the worst of it. Eating a lot of fat, especially the kind that's in cookies and pastries, can significantly raise the risk of stroke for women over 50, a large new study finds. We already know that diets rich in fat, particularly artery-clogging trans fat, are bad for the heart and the waistline.

The new study is the largest to look at stroke risk in women and across all types of fat. It showed a clear trend: Those who ate the most fat had a 44 percent higher risk of the most common type of stroke compared to those who ate the least.

"It's a tremendous increase that is potentially avoidable," said Dr. Emil Matarese, stroke chief at St. Mary Medical Center in Langhorne, Penn. "What's bad for the heart is bad for the brain."

He reviewed but did not help conduct the research, which was presented Wednesday at an American Stroke Association conference. It involved 87,230 participants in the Women's Health Initiative, a federally funded study best known for revealing health risks from taking hormone pills for menopause symptoms.

Before menopause, women traditionally have had less risk of stroke than similarly aged men, although this is changing as women increasingly battle obesity and other health problems.

After menopause, the risk rises and the gender advantage disappears, said Dr. Ka He, a nutrition specialist and senior author of the study from the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.

He and another researcher, Sirin Yaemsiri, wanted to see whether dietary fat affected the odds.

Participants in the study had filled out detailed surveys on their diets when they enrolled, at ages 50 to 79. Researchers put them into four groups based on how much fat they ate, and looked about seven years later to see how many had suffered a stroke caused by clogged blood vessels supplying the brain _ the most common kind.

There were 288 strokes in the group of women who consumed the most fat each day (95 grams) versus 249 strokes in the group eating the least fat (25 grams), Yaemsiri told the conference.

After taking into account other factors that affect stroke risk _ weight, race, smoking, exercise and use of alcohol, aspirin or hormone pills _ researchers concluded that women who ate the most fat had a 44 percent greater risk of stroke.

They also found a 30 percent greater risk of stroke among women eating the most trans fat, which is common in stick margarine, fried foods, crackers and cookies.

"We need to look at the labels on the foods we buy," because many of these fats are hidden in baked goods and people are not aware of how much they're consuming, Matarese said. "This is a simple way that any woman, especially postmenopausal women, can improve their health. Simply avoiding fried foods is a big one."

On average, American women in their 50s and 60s eat 63 to 68 grams of fat a day, federal health statistics show. A little context: A 2-ounce Snickers bar contains 14 grams of fat; a 2-ounce bag of Crunchy Cheetos has 20 grams, as does a Haagen-Dazs ice cream bar.

The American Heart Association recommends limiting fat to less than 25 to 35 percent of total calories, and trans fat to less than 1 percent. The healthiest fats come from nuts, seeds, fish and vegetable oils.

"We don't do a good enough job of emphasizing the importance of a good diet," said Dr. Lee Schwamm, a stroke specialist at Massachusetts General Hospital. Pediatricians in particular need to address the risk for chubby kids.

"If you don't change their patterns and problems in childhood, you're really looking at a lifetime of obesity," he said.